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Diazepam

A tranquillizer called diazepam (Mexico) is recommended for a number of psychiatric and nervous system conditions. The anticonvulsant, sedative, hypnotic, and central myorelaxant properties of the active component are its distinguishing features.

Diazepam mechanism of action

Diazepam works by raising the concentration of GABA, a mediator that reduces nervous system activity. The medication makes neuronal cell membranes more sensitive to the mediator. The influence on the cortical centres’ and the spinal cord’s neurons produces the anticonvulsant and myorelaxant effects.

Due to its sedative and soporific effects, diazepam is frequently given for sleep. The medication reduces ongoing anxiety and eases emotional strain. Due to its muscle-relaxing and anticonvulsant effects, diazepam is used to treat seizures.

Diazepam is given for vertigo and neurosis, which can present as tension, fear, worry, and insomnia. The medication works well for psychosomatic illnesses that are accompanied by emotional symptoms, spastic paralysis, and epilepsy. The active ingredient in alcoholism aids in the elimination of the abstinence syndrome. For the treatment of schizophrenia, the medication is prescribed.

How long does diazepam work?

The blood level of 10 mg of diazepam reaches its maximum after one to two hours. After six hours, the amount of the active ingredient in the body steadily declines. crosses the placental barrier as well as the blood-brain barrier. In the liver, the medication is changed into active metabolites. After 24-36 hours, the major active metabolite reaches its peak blood level.

Diazepam half-life

The drug’s half-life happens 20–70 hours after delivery. Urine is where the medication and its metabolites are eliminated.

Diazepam dosage table

The dosage of 10 mg of diazepam is chosen individually, taking into account the patient’s health and the results of the therapy. Starting therapy with a low dose that is sufficient to treat the disease’s primary symptoms is essential. Treatment for insomnia shouldn’t last more than four weeks. Treatment for anxiety states shouldn’t continue more than 8 to 12 weeks, even with the drug’s slow withdrawal.

The ailment determines the drug’s dosage.

• Unjustified anxiety 5–30 mg daily
• 5–15 mg of fluoxetine before bed for insomnia with an anxiety issue
• spasms of muscles 2-3 times a day, 5-15 mg
• Spasms brought on by cerebral causes, 2-60 mg each day.

The 10 mg of diazepam is tapered off gradually. Long-term therapy necessitates additional withdrawal time. Children are not given the drug without first determining their needs. Treatment for children should last for the shortest amount of time possible.

Diazepam overdose

Drowsiness, slowed reflexes, a reduction in blood pressure, respiratory depression, and coma are all signs of an overdose. There is substantial respiratory impairment. Comas can endure for several hours, and elderly people may experience difficulties. Alcohol exacerbates overdose.

In the event of an overdose, hospital symptomatic care is provided. To stop absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, ingest activated charcoal. If the patient is unconscious, it could be required to perform a breathing exercise. Flumazenil, which should be administered when the central nervous system is depressed, is the antidote to diazepam. Because of the antidote’s short (1 hour) half-life, the patient needs to be closely watched in the hospital.

Contraindications

In the event that an individual is intolerant to a certain component, the medication should not be administered. In cases of severe respiratory failure and nighttime apnea condition, the medication is not recommended. Receiving people with renal insufficiency has the potential to make the condition worse. The medicine should not be used to treat phobias, compulsive conditions, or chronic psychosis. Patients with alcohol and drug addiction are not given the medication due to the overdose danger, concentration issues, and altered nerve and respiratory system function. It should not be used during pregnancy or lactation.